Revisiting Value-Added Tax Structures: Strategies For Mitigating Regressivity In Basic Commodities Consumption

Penulis

  • Nafis Dwi Kartiko Directorate General of Taxes
  • Amrie Firmansyah Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54957/educoretax.v4i1.668

Kata Kunci:

basic goods, tax exemption facility, Value-Added Tax

Abstrak

This study explores the advantages and disadvantages of implementing a value-added tax on tax-exempt essential goods in Indonesia. The research employs historical, comparative, empirical, and normative legal methods to analyze the tax policy's legal and socio-economic context and assess its impacts and challenges. The analysis shows that applying VAT to necessities with exemptions can increase transparency, reduce tax avoidance, and ensure a fair distribution of the tax burden among businesses and consumers. However, this policy may impose additional administrative burdens and financial pressures on companies, particularly small and medium enterprises. It is crucial to balance promoting tax compliance and alleviating excessive administrative requirements. This research provides extensive insights into the dynamics of VAT policy on essential goods in Indonesia. It presents new perspectives on the distribution of economic burden and provides recommendations based on thorough legal analysis.

Referensi

Abomaye-Nimenibo, W. A. S., Michael, J. E., & Friday, H. C. (2018). An empirical analysis of tax revenue and economic growth in Nigeria from 1980 to 2015. Global Journal of Human-Social Science, 18(3), 8–33. https://globaljournals.org/GJHSS_Volume18/2-An-Emperical-Analysis.pdf

Amand, C. (2013). VAT neutrality: a principle of EU law or a principle of the VAT system? World Journal of VAT/GST Law, 2(3), 163–181. https://doi.org/10.5235/20488432.2.3.163

Bardopoulos, A. M. (2015). Development of vat and adoption of vat in various countries & multistage tax methods. In eCommerce and the Effects of Technology on Taxation (pp. 149–159). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15449-7_16

Bikas, E., & Andruskaite, E. (2013). Factors affecting value added tax revenue. 1st Annual International Interdisciplinary Conference, 41–49. http://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/viewFile/1230/1239

Faridy, N., Copp, R., Freudenberg, B., & Sarke, T. (2014). Complexity, compliance costs and non-compliance with VAT by small and medium enterprises in Bangladesh: is there a relationship? Australian Tax Forum, 29(2), 281–328. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2479146

Febriana, G., Harimurti, I. K., Hakim, L. N., Anggraini, U., & Wijaya, S. (2022). Pajak pertambahan nilai pada jasa pelayanan kesehatan medis pasca harmonisasi peraturan perpajakan. Akuntansiku, 1(4), 360–370. https://doi.org/10.54957/akuntansiku.v1i4.339

Gultom, Y. A., Hidayati, R. N. F., Pratama, K. A., & Wijaya, S. (2022). Alternatif pengenaan pajak pertambahan nilai atas beras. Jurnalku, 2(4), 552–562. https://doi.org/10.54957/jurnalku.v2i4.336

Guo, Y. M., & Shi, Y. R. (2021). Impact of the VAT reduction policy on local fiscal pressure in China in light of the COVID-19 pandemic: A measurement based on a computable general equilibrium model. Economic Analysis and Policy, 69, 253–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eap.2020.12.010

Ibadin, P. O., & Oladipupo, A. O. (2015). Indirect taxes and economic growth in Nigeria. Ekonomska Misao I Praksa, 2, 345–364. https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/220313

Ismail, R. (2017). Value added tax (vat)–in view of Bangladesh. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 19(1), 8–18. https://doi.org/0.9790/487X-1901060818

Iswahyudi, H. (2017). Tax reform and noncompliance in Indonesia. Journal of Indonesian Economy & Business, 32(2), 87–103. https://doi.org/10.22146/jieb.18153

Kristoffersson, E. (2021). Policy note: value added tax as a legal transplant. Intertax, 49(2), 186 – 197. https://doi.org/10.54648/taxi2021016

Mahkamah Institusi. (2016). Putusan Nomor 39/PUU-XIV/2016. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/DownloadUjiMateri/7/39_PUU-XIV_2016.pdf

Marimuthu, M., & Bidin, Z. (2016). Awareness, attitude and probable area of difficulties towards the proposed goods and services tax in Malaysia. International Review of Management and Marketing, 6(8), 175–180. https://www.econjournals.com/index.php/irmm/article/view/3928

Marzuki, P. M. (2017). Penelitian hukum: edisi revisi. Prenada Media.

Mascagni, G., Dom, R., Santoro, F., & Mukama, D. (2023). The VAT in practice: equity, enforcement, and complexity. International Tax and Public Finance, 30, 525–563. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10797-022-09743-z

Nikoloski, A. (2020). Influence of public revenues on economic growth the case of the Republic of North Macedonia. Konfrontasi: Jurnal Kultural, Ekonomi Dan Perubahan Sosial, 7(3), 191–204. https://doi.org/10.33258/konfrontasi2.v7i3.115

Nwekeaku, C. E. (2013). Revenue enhancement and national corporate objectives in Nigeria. American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 1(4), 251–257. https://doi.org/10.11634/232907811604413

Oktaria, R. (2011). Input value added tax refund policy for taxable enterprise experiencing production failures. Bisnis & Birokrasi: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Dan Organisasi, 18(1), 43–52. https://doi.org/10.20476/jbb.v18i1.973

Pink, B. (2022). Barang kebutuhan pokok bisa kena ppn 11%, tapi yang kualitas premium. https://nasional.kontan.co.id/news/barang-kebutuhan-pokok-bisa-kena-ppn-11-tapi-yang-kualitas-premiu

Prüm, A., Herbain, C. A., & Bouchard, J.-C. (2015). VAT neutrality. Primento. https://www.everand.com/book/496194329/VAT-Neutrality

Putri, T. A., & Murwendah, M. (2019). An analysis of value added tax policy on the delivery of tobacco products in Indonesia (a comparative study with South Africa and the Philippines). 33rd International Business Information Management Association Conference: Education Excellence and Innovation Management through Vision 2020, IBIMA 2019, 8125–8137. https://ibima.org/accepted-paper/an-analysis-of-value-added-tax-policy-on-the-delivery-of-tobacco-products-in-indonesia-a-comparative-study-with-south-africa-and-the-philippines/

PwC. (2018). Worldwide tax summaries corporate taxes 2018/19. PwC Global. https://taxsummaries.pwc.com/-/media/2F20E06E1D954786AB3E9AB7E7B93BB3.ashx?revision=d7d1e141-b6d3-4028-b895-b60dbf2c566d

Saragih, L. I., Dikri, P., Wahyono, K. S., & Wijaya, S. (2022). Pajak pertambahan nilai terhadap jasa pendidikan: upaya mendukung pemerataan pendidikan. Jurnal Pajak Indonesia, 6(2S), 674–680. https://doi.org/10.31092/jpi.v6i2S.1975

Sembiring, L. J. (2021). Nih daftar sembako yang bakal bebas & kena pajak 11%. https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20211001141116-4-280720/nih-daftar-sembako-yang-bakal-bebas-kena-pajak-11

Setyowati, M. S., Utami, N. D., Saragih, A. H., & Hendrawan, A. (2020). Blockchain technology application for value-added tax systems. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6(4), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6040156

Sinaga, N. A. (2016). Pemungutan pajak dan permasalahannya di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Dirgantara, 7(1), 142–157. https://doi.org/10.35968/jh.v7i1.128

Smulders, S., & Evans, C. (2017). Mitigating VAT compliance costs-a developing country perspective. Australian Tax Forum, 32(2), 283–316. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3782956

Sukardji, U. (2015). Value-added Tax (VAT). Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada.

Sutedi, A. (2022). Hukum pajak. Sinar Grafika.

Vanessa, Y., & Murwendah, M. (2020). The structure of state levies on tobacco: A comparative study of Indonesia and Thailand. Bisnis & Birokrasi: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Dan Organisasi, 26(3), 145–155. https://doi.org/10.20476/jbb.v26i3.10876

Visaro, D. (2022). Kebutuhan pokok jadi barang kena pajak, otomatis kena PPN? https://news.ddtc.co.id/kebutuhan-pokok-jadi-barang-kena-pajak-otomatis-kena-ppn-37281

Wijaya, S., Fadhilah, A., & Azizah, W. (2020). Analysis of value-added tax to the rental service helmet and jacket to get online in indonesia (case PT ABC Ojek Indonesia). Test Engineering and Management, 83, 13616–13625. http://testmagzine.biz/index.php/testmagzine/article/view/6091/

Zainol, B., Munusamy, M., & Hijattullah, A. J. (2013). Perceptions of Tax Agents towards the Proposed Goods and Service Tax in Malaysia. Proceedings of the 2013 SIBR Conference on Interdisciplinary Business & Economics Research, Kuala Lumpur, 1–22. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303913241_PERCEPTIONS_OF_TAX_AGENTS_TOWARDS_THE_PROPOSED_GOODS_AND_SERVICE_TAX_IN_MALAYSIA

Zhattau, V. S. (2013). Fiscal policy as an engine of economic growth in Nigeria. AFRREV IJAH: An International Journal of Arts and Humanities, 2(2), 282–298. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ijah/article/view/106574

Unduhan

Diterbitkan

09-02-2024

Cara Mengutip

Kartiko, N. D., & Firmansyah, A. (2024). Revisiting Value-Added Tax Structures: Strategies For Mitigating Regressivity In Basic Commodities Consumption. Educoretax, 4(1), 61–76. https://doi.org/10.54957/educoretax.v4i1.668

Terbitan

Bagian

Articles

Artikel paling banyak dibaca berdasarkan penulis yang sama

<< < 1 2 3 4