Can Tax Avoidance Improve The Positive Relationship Between Intellectual Capital And Firm Value?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54957/educoretax.v4i3.724Keywords:
Intellectual Capital, Firm Value, Tax Avoidance, Healthcare SectorAbstract
This study examines the effect of intellectual capital on firm value with tax avoidance as moderation in health sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the COVID-19 pandemic. CTTOR is employed to find the level of tax avoidance, VAIC is used to find the value of intellectual capital, and Tobin's Q is used to find the firm value. The data used is company financial statement data from 2020 to 2022 using multiple linear regression analysis methods. The type of data is cross-section data and ordinary least squares (OLS) estimation technique. The sample was determined using a purposive sampling technique with a total research sample of 43 data. This study concluded that intellectual capital does not affect firm value. However, after moderation with tax avoidance, the interaction between intellectual capital and tax avoidance has a negative effect on firm value. Therefore, tax avoidance can moderate the effect of intellectual capital on firm value by reducing the negative effect of intellectual capital on firm value during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of this study can be additional information for the Indonesian Capital Market Supervisory Authority (OJK) and the Tax Authority (DGT) in making rules regarding tax avoidance. OJK can also make policies regarding reporting the company's intellectual capital in one account to make it easier for novice investors to understand. DGT can utilize this research to evaluate corporate tax avoidance.
References
Adhiguna, A. (2023). Pengaruh return on equity (ROE), current ratio (CR), ukuran perusahaan dan debt to equity ratio (DER) terhadap price to book value (PBV). COMSERVA: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, 3(07), 2490–2498. https://doi.org/10.59141/comserva.v3i07.1055
Afdhal, R., & Adiwibowo, A. S. (2023). Pengaruh kepemilikan institusional, kepemilikan manajerial, dan ukuran dewan komisaris terhadap agresivitas pajak perusahaan (studi empiris pada perusahaan pertambangan yang terdaftar di bursa efek indonesia tahun 2018-2021). Diponegoro Journal of Accounting, 12(4), 1–13. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/accounting/article/view/41646
Alaika, A. A., Chaerani, E. Y., Fuqoha, M. S., & Firmansyah, A. (2023). Tax avoidance and firm value: moderating role of intellectual capital. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Terpadu, 16(1), 50–63. https://doi.org/10.35448/jrat.v16i1.19172
Amirullah, H. R., Dharma, F., & Putri, W. R. E. (2021). Pengaruh intellectual capital terhadap nilai perusahaan saat pandemi covid 19 dengan profitabilitas sebagai variabel moderasi (studi empiris pada peusahaan LQ45 yang terdaftar di bursa efek indonesia). Jurnal Akuntansi Bisnis Dan Ekonomi, 7(2), 2039–2050. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.33197/jabe.vol7.iss2.2021.781
Anggita, A., & Irwansyah. (2023). Pengaruh earning per share dan return on equity terhadap harga saham dengan nilai perusahaan sebagai variabel moderasi di masa pandemi covid-19. INOVASI: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan Dan Manajemen, 19(1), 200–208. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30872/jinv.v19i1
Astuti, A. D., & Setiyawati, H. (2023). The effect of exchange rate differences and inventory turnover on profit quality and their impact on firm value in the covid-19 pandemic era. International Journal Of Humanities Education And Social Sciences (IJHESS) E-ISSN, 3(2), 989–1003. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.603
Badertscher, B. A., Katz, S. P., Rego, S. O., & Wilson, R. J. (2018). Conforming tax avoidance and capital market pressure. The Accounting Review, Forthcoming. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2619317
Barney, J. B. (2001). Resource-based theories of competitive advantage: a ten-year retrospective on the resource-based view. Journal of Management, 27(6), 643–650. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630102700602
Boe, L. B., & Ayem, S. (2019). Pengaruh profitabilitas, kepemilikan asing, risiko penghindaran pajak terhadap nilai perusahaan ( pada perusahaan LQ45 yang terdaftar di BEI). Jurnal Akuntansi Pajak Dewantara (JAPD), 2(01), 30–39. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24964/JAPD.V1I2.915
Bontis, N. (1998). Intellectual capital: an exploratory study that develops measures and models. Management Decision, 36(2), 63–76. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749810204142
Bose, S., Shams, S., Ali, M. J., & Mihret, D. (2022). Covid-19 impact, sustainability performance and firm value: international evidence. Accounting and Finance, 62(1), 597–643. https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12801
BPS RI. (2020, September 28). Perilaku Masyarakat Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Bps.Go.Id. https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2020/09/28/f376dc33cfcdeec4a514f09c/perilaku-masyarakat-di-masa-pandemi-covid-19.html
Bukh, P. N., Nielsen, C., Gormsen, P., & Mouritsen, J. (2005). Disclosure of information on intellectual capital in Danish IPO prospectuses. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 18(6), 713–732. https://doi.org/10.1108/09513570510627685
Choi, S. U., Lee, W. J., & Choi, N. H. (2023). Corporate social responsibility and firm value during the covid-19 pandemic. Management Decision, 61(10), 3169–3194. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-06-2022-0810
Chung, K. H., & Pruitt, S. W. (1994). A simple approximtion of tobin’s q. Financial Management, 23(3), 70–74. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/3665623
Claudia, V., Gustiawaty, F., & Joko, T. (2021). Pengaruh intellectual capital, intellectual capital disclosure (ICD) terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan profitabilitas sebagai variabel intervening (studi kasus pada perusahaan LQ-45 di BEI tahun 2016-2018). Jurnal Pendidikan Akuntansi Indonesia, 19(2), 59–70. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jpai.v19i2.43380
Davis, J. H., Schoorman, F. D., & Donaldson, L. (1997). Toward a stewardship theory of management. ® Academy of Management Review, 22(1), 20–47. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/259223
Devi, A. R., & Aris, M. A. (2023). The influence of corporate social responsibility, dividend payout ratio, intellectual capital, and profitability on firm value of companies affected by the covid-19 pandemic (empirical study of food and beverage companies listed on the indonesia stock exchange in 2020-2021). The International Journal of Business Management and Technology, 7(1), 847. www.theijbmt.com
Dewi, A. N. (2023). The influence of intellectual capital on firm value with institutional ownership as a moderation variable. Journal of Research and Community Service, 4(5), 1072–1087. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.59188/devotion.v4i5.464
Dharmapala, D. (2017). The economics of tax avoidance and evasion. Edward Elgar Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781785367458
Doloksaribu, R. P., Hadiantoro, F., & Firmansyah, A. (2023). Does intellectual capital has a moderating role in association between tax avoidance and firm value? Substansi: Sumber Artikel Akuntansi Auditing Dan Keuangan Vokasi, 6(2), 42–55. https://doi.org/10.35837/subs.v6i2.2074
Duli, N. (2019). Metodologi penelitian kuantitatif: beberapa konsep dasar untuk penulisan skripsi & analisis data dengan SPSS. Deepublish. https://webadmin-ipusnas.perpusnas.go.id/ipusnas/publications/books/163487
Febriana, L. (2023). Pengaruh preferensi risiko eksekutif, insentif pajak, dan thin capitalization terhadap penghindaran pajak. Jurnal Pustaka Aktiva, 3(1), 1–6. http://repository.unmul.ac.id/handle/123456789/42554
Ferdila, F., Mustika, I., & Martina, S. (2023). Pengaruh firm size, likuiditas, leverage dan profitabilitas terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan manufaktur sub sektor barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di bursa efek indonesia. Owner, 7(4), 3274–3284. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v7i4.1883
Firmansyah, A., Febrian, W., Jadi, P. H., Husna, M. C., & Putri, M. A. (2021). Respon investor atas tanggung jawab sosial tata kelola perusahaan di indonesia: perspektif resource based view. E-Jurnal Akuntansi, 31(8), 1918. https://doi.org/10.24843/eja.2021.v31.i08.p04
Ghozali, I. (2016). Aplikasi analisis multivariete SPSS 23 (8th ed.). Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Guedrib, M., & Marouani, G. (2023). The interactive impact of tax avoidance and tax risk on the firm value: new evidence in the Tunisian context. Asian Review of Accounting, 31(2), 203–226. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARA-03-2022-0052
Hanlon, M., & Heitzman, S. (2010). A review of tax research. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 50(2–3), 127–178. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2010.09.002
Hidayat, M., Saggaf, A., Siregar, M. I., & Erman, E. (2023). Pengaruh pengungkapan media terhadap nilai perusahaan saat pandemi covid-19 pada perusahaan retail dan grosir yang terdaftar di bursa efek indonesia. Owner, 7(3), 2625–2632. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v7i3.1461
Indawati, Ngadiman, & Jap, Y. P. (2023). Peran tata kelola perusahaan dalam profitabilitas, struktur modal, dan penghindaran pajak terhadap nilai perusahaan. Jurnal Kontemporer Akuntansi, 3(2), 1–17. https://journal.untar.ac.id/index.php/JKA/article/download/26583/16054
Jaya, I. M. L. M. (2020). Metode penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Anak Hebat Indonesia.
Jubaedah, S., Mardi, Aryanto, Y., & Fajarianto, O. (2021). Studi empiris nilai perusahaan pada masa pandemi corona virus disease. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Pajak, 22(02), 817–833. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.29040/jap.v22i2.3273
Kasim, F. (2008). Uji Hipotesis. In Metodologi Penelitian Biomedis. Danamartha Sejahtera Utama.
Kemenkeu. (2022, December 7). Berikan insentif selama pandemi, wamenkeu: berikan gerak bagi perekonomian. Kemenkeu.Go.Id. https://www.kemenkeu.go.id/informasi-publik/publikasi/berita-utama/Berikan-Insentif-selama-Pandemi
Khajavi, S., Moghaddam, A. G., & Neamatollahi, P. (2023). The moderating effect of managers’ ability on the relationship between tax avoidance and firm value in the framework of agency problems. Empirical Research in Accounting, 13(50), 31–54. https://doi.org/10.22051/JERA.2023.43504.3128
Kusnandar, V. B. (2022, February 24). Sektor jasa kesehatan dan kegiatan sosial tumbuh 10,46% pada 2021. Databoks.Katadata.Co.Id. https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2022/02/24/sektor-jasa-kesehatan-dan-kegiatan-sosial-tumbuh-1046-pada-2021
Kusufiyah, Y. V., & Anggraini, D. (2023). Penghindaran pajak perusahaan makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di bei sebelum dan selama pandemi covid-19. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Dharma Andalas, 25(1), 11–21. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.47233/jebd.v25i1.662
Kusuma, R. A., & Rahyuda, H. (2022). Pengaruh modal intelektual dan leverage terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan profitabilitas sebagai variabel mediasi. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 11(7), 1397–1417. https://doi.org/10.24843/ejmunud.2022.v11.i07.p07
Lesmana, T., Iskandar, Y., & Heliani. (2020). Pengaruh kinerja keuangan terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan rokok yang terdaftar di BEI. Jurnal Proaksi, 1(2), 25–34. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.32534/jpk.v7i2.1161
Lestari, A. I., & Djohar, C. (2023). Pengaruh penghindaran pajak, kebijakan deviden, dan pertumbuhan perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan perencanaan pajak sebagai variabel pemoderasi (studi empiris pada perusahaan food dan beverage yang terdaftar di bursa efek indonesia periode 2017-2021). Jurnal Revenue, 3(2), 619–629. https://doi.org/10.46306/rev.v3i2
Lestari, E. (2023). Debt to equity ratio (DER) and firm size toward firm value: the mediating role of return on asset. Return: Study of Management, Economic And Business, 2(11), 1095–1109. https://return.publikasikupublisher.com/index.php/return/index
Machfoedz, M. (1995). The usefulness of financial ratios in Indonesia. Tim Koordinasi Pengembangan Akuntansi.
Mavridis, D. G. (2004). The intellectual capital performance of the Japanese banking sector. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 5(1), 92–115. https://doi.org/10.1108/14691930410512941
Mawardani, R. K., Baidlowi, I., Nugroho, T. R., & Ainiyah, N. (2023). Pengaruh good corporate governance dan firm size terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan profitabilitas sebagai variabel moderasi (studi empiris pada perusahaan sektor pertambangan yang terdaftar di bursa efek indonesia tahun 2019-2022). Jurnal Rimba : Riset Ilmu Manajemen Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 1(3), 1–15. https://journal.arimbi.or.id/index.php/Rimba/article/view/76/68
McGee, J. (2015). Resource‐based view. In Wiley Encyclopedia of Management (Vol. 12, pp. 1–8). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118785317.weom120134
Mustafid, A., & Sutandijo. (2023). Pengaruh peghindaran pajak, pertumbuhan penjualan dan tanggungjawab sosial perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan. InFestasi, 19(2), 125–133. https://doi.org/10.21107/infestasi.v19i2.21805
Nebie, M., & Cheng, M. C. (2023). Corporate tax avoidance and firm value: evidence from Taiwan. Cogent Business and Management, 10(3), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2282218
Nugroho, R. S. (2023, July 11). Simak daftar saham kesehatan di Indonesia 2023. Idxchannel.Com. https://www.idxchannel.com/market-news/simak-daftar-saham-kesehatan-di-indonesia-2023
Nurhidayah, H. (2022). Menelisik perbedaan tax avoidance dan tax evasion. Pajak.Com. https://www.pajak.com/komunitas/opini-pajak/menelisik-perbedaan-tax-avoidance-dan-tax-evasion/
Prasetyo, A. A., & Sutrisno. (2023). Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan selama pandemi Covid-19. Telaah Ilmiah Akuntansi Dan Perpajakan, 1(1), 31–46. https://tiara.ub.ac.id/index.php/tiara/issue/view/7
Prastiwi, A. (2023). Pengaruh tata kelola perusahaan dan modal intelektual terhadap nilai perusahaan (studi pada perusahaan BUMN yang terdaftar di bursa efek indonesia periode 2016-2022). Reviu Akuntansi, Keuangan, Dan Sistem Informasi, 3(1), 1–14. http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/205241/
Pratama, M. A. (2022, October 14). Covid-19 dan efeknya ke performa pasar modal Indonesia. BI Institute. https://www.bi.go.id/id/bi-institute/BI-Epsilon/Pages/Covid-19-dan-Efeknya-ke-Performa-Pasar-Modal-Indonesia.aspx/
Pulic, A. (1998). Measuring the performance of intellectual potential in knowledge economy. 2nd McMaster World Congress on Measuring and Managing Intellectual Capital, 1–20. https://www.bib.irb.hr/35384
Purbowati, R. (2021). Pengaruh good corporate governance terhadap tax avoidance (penghindaran pajak). JAD: Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Dan Keuangan Dewantara, 4(1), 61–76. https://ejournal.stiedewantara.ac.id/index.php/JAD/issue/view/59
Purwanti, A. (2022, March 2). Kinerja sektor kesehatan kian meningkat di tengah pandemi. Kompas.Id. https://www.kompas.id/baca/telaah/2022/03/01/kinerja-sektor-kesehatan-kian-meningkat-di-tengah-pandemi
Putri, E. J., Nurhikmat, M., & Wandi, D. (2023). Pengaruh ROA, DER dan TATO terhadap nilai perusahaan manufaktur pada sub sektor makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di bursa efek indonesia (BEI) periode 2017 – 2021. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Bisnis (JMB), 4(2), 11–22. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.57084/jmb.v4i2.1308
Rombe, A., Rahardjo, H., & Hartanto, S. (2017). Analisis pengaruh insentif pajak terhadap penghindaran pajak perusahaan (studi empiris perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2011-2015). Jurnal Akuntansi Kontemporer (JAKO), 9(2), 142–161. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33508/jako.v9i2.2541
Rosid, A. (2023). Artificial neural networks for predicting taxpaying behaviour of Indonesian firms. Scientax: Jurnal Kajian Ilmiah Perpajakan Indonesia, 4(2), 174–204. https://doi.org/10.52869/st.v4i2.526
Saragih, E. L. S. O., & Handayani, S. (2022). Pengaruh kinerja keuangan dan tata kelola terhadap nilai perusahaan pada sektor kesehatan di bursa efek indonesia tahun 2016-2020. JIMEA: Jurnal Ilmiah MEA (Manajemen, Ekonomi, Dan Akuntansi), 6(3), 685–702. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.31955/mea.v6i3.2229
Sembiring, S., & Trisnawati, I. (2019). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi nilai perusahaan. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 21(1a–2), 173–184. https://doi.org/10.34208/JBA.V21I1A-2.754
Siagian, A. O., Manurung, A. H., & Machdar, N. M. (2023). Analisis corporate governance terhadap financial distress melalui mekanisme variabel moderasi dengan manajemen laba. Jurnal Riset Dan Inovasi Manajemen, 1(2), 151–165. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.59581/jrim-widyakarya.v1i2.899
Siburian, R. R., Makhdalena, & Riadi, R. M. (2018). Kepemilikan asing dan kepemilikan publik terhadap nilai perusahaan yang terdaftar di bursa efek indonesia pada sektor transportasi (studi pada emiten transportasi di BEI). Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Keguruan Dan Ilmu Pendidikan, 5(2), 1–13. https://jom.unri.ac.id/index.php/JOMFKIP/article/view/20754/20079
Sihombing, P. R. (2022). Aplikasi STATA untuk statistisi pemula (1st ed.). Gemala. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/358460661_Aplikasi_STATA_Untuk_Statistisi_Pemula
Simanjuntak, G. T., & Hidayat, T. (2023). Analisis pengaruh pandemi covid-19 terhadap nilai perusahaan perbankan di indonesia. Prosiding Konferensi Ilmiah Akuntansi, 10(1), 1–25. https://jurnal.umj.ac.id/index.php/KIA/article/view/17592
Stewart, T., & Ruckdeschel, C. (1998). Intellectual capital: the new wealth of organizations. Performance Improvement, 37(7), 56–59. https://doi.org/10.1002/pfi.4140370713
Suartama, I. G. A., Endiana, I. D. M., & Kumalasari, P. D. (2023). Pengaruh NPM, ROE, DER, DPR dan asset growth terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan LQ-45 I. Kumpulan Hasil Riset Mahasiswa Akuntansi (KHARISMA), 5(3), 577–588. https://e-journal.unmas.ac.id/index.php/kharisma/article/view/8388
Sudrajat, A. A. (2022). Pengaruh intellectual capital terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan profitabilitas sebagai variabel intervening pada masa pandemi covid-19 (studi pada perusahaan sektor kesehatan yang terdaftar di BEI) [Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia]. https://repository.upi.edu/84282/
Suryanata, I. N. P. J., & Sujana, E. (2023). Pengaruh pengungkapan manajemen risiko perusahaan, modal intelektual, dan emisi karbon terhadap nilai perusahaan. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Akuntansi ) Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, 14(03), 536–541. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23887/jimat.v14i03.61410
Tanjaya, C., & Nazir, N. (2021). Pengaruh profitabilitas, leverage, pertumbuhan penjualan, dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap penghindaran pajak. Jurnal Akuntansi Trisakti, 8(2), 189–208. https://doi.org/10.25105/jat.v8i2.9260
Wang, M. C. (2013). Value relevance on intellectual capital valuation methods: The role of corporate governance. Quality and Quantity, 47(2), 1213–1223. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-012-9724-1
Wernerfelt, B. (1984). A resource-based view of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 5(2), 171–180. https://doi.org/https://www.jstor.org/stable/2486175
Widyaningdyah, A. U., & Aryani, Y. A. (2013). Intellectual capital dan keunggulan kompetitif (studi empiris perusahaan manufaktur versi jakarta stock industrial classification-JASICA). Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.9744/jak.15.1.1-14
Wiryawati, K., Rinofah, R., & Maulida, A. (2022). Pengaruh Modal Intelektual terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan Kinerja Keuangan sebagai Variabel Intervening pada Perusahaan Manafaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2018-2020. Al-Kharaj : Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan & Bisnis Syariah, 5(2), 931–950. https://doi.org/10.47467/alkharaj.v5i2.1490
Xiong, H., Wu, Z., Hou, F., & Zhang, J. (2020). Which firm-specific characteristics affect the market reaction of chinese listed companies to the covid-19 pandemic? Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 56(10), 2231–2242. https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496X.2020.1787151
Yulinda, N. (2020). Pengaruh pengungkapan manajemen risiko perusahaan dan modal intelektual terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan profitabilitas sebagai variabel moderating: studi empiris pada perusahaan perbankan yang terdaftar di BEI periode tahun 2016 – 2018 [Universitas Riau ]. http://lib.pps.unri.ac.id/index.php?p=show_detail&id=4319
Yunan, N. (2023). Pengaruh sustainability report, profitabilitas dan firm size, terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan media eksposure sebagai variabel moderating. Jurnal Cahaya Mandalika, 4(1), 172–182. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36312/jcm.v4i1.1314
Zhang, P., Gao, J., & Li, X. (2021). Stock liquidity and firm value in the time of covid-19 pandemic. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 57(6), 1578–1591. https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496X.2021.1898368
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Anggit Kuncoro Aji, Firda Hidayatullah, Amrie Firmansyah

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.









