The influence of financial distress, board gender diversity, and CEO profile on tax aggressiveness

Penulis

  • Maharani Yasniar Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta
  • Ferry Irawan Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54957/educoretax.v5i3.1453

Kata Kunci:

Board gender diversity, CEO education, CEO generation, Financial distress, Tax aggressiveness

Abstrak

This research is a quantitative study that aims to determine the effect of financial distress, board gender diversity, and CEO profile on tax aggressiveness. This research uses secondary data in the form of financial reports and annual reports of energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2019-2023. A total of 110 observation data was collected from 22 sample companies. Hypothesis testing uses panel data regression analysis with the help of STATA software at a significant level of 5%. The results of tests indicate that (1) financial distress has a negative effect on tax aggressiveness, (2) board gender diversity has a positive effect on tax aggressiveness, (3) CEO education has no effect on tax aggressiveness, and (4) CEO generation has no effect on tax aggressiveness.

Kata Kunci : Financial distress, board gender diversity, profil CEO, dan agresivitas pajak.

Referensi

Abdul, M., Nabila, A., & Puspawati, D. (2022). The Impact Of Corporate Social Responsibility, Profitability, Capital Intensity, Size Company and Financial Distress on Tax Aggressivity (Empirical Study of Manufacturing Companies Listed on the IDX in 2017-2019). Riset Akuntansi Dan Keuangan Indonesia, 7(3), 386–393. https://doi.org/10.23917/reaksi.v7i3.22159

Aditia, N. C. M., & Kuang, T. M. (2024). Dampak Keberagaman Gender Dewan Direksi dan Inovasi Lingkungan terhadap Biaya Utang di Indonesia. Owner: Riset & Jurnal Akuntansi, 8(4), 4212–4219.

Alafiah, L. R., Fitrios, R., & Afriana Hanif, R. (2022). Pengaruh Financial Distress, Komite Audit, dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak dan Dampaknya Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Substansi: Sumber Artikel Akuntansi Auditing Dan Keuangan Vokasi, 5(2), 95–120. https://doi.org/10.35837/subs.v5i2.1747

Aliani, K. (2014). CEO Characteristics and Corporate Tax Planning Evidence from US Companies. International Journal of Managerial and Financial Accounting, 6(1), 49. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMFA.2014.060508

Alkausar, B., Kawakibi, F. B., & Lasmana, M. S. (2021). Corporate Governance And Tax Aggressiveness: Agency Theory Relationship. Jurnal Reviu Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 11(1), 138–149. https://doi.org/10.22219/jrak.v11i1.15610

Alkausar, B., Lasmana, M. S., & Soemarsono, P. N. (2020). Tax Aggressiveness: A Meta Analysis in Agency Theory Perspective. TIJAB (The International Journal of Applied Business), 4(1), 52. https://doi.org/10.20473/tijab.V4.I1.2020.52-62

Ambarsari, D., Pratomo, D., & Kurnia, K. (2020). Pengaruh Ukuran Dewan Komisaris, Gender Diversity pada Dewan, dan Kualitas Auditor Eksternal terhadap Agresivitas Pajak (Studi pada Perusahaan Sektor Property dan Real Estate yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2013-2017). Kompartemen: Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.30595/kompartemen.v17i2.3809

Andhari, P. A. S., & Sukartha, I. M. (2017). Pengaruh Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility, Profitabilitas, Inventory Intensity, Capital Intensity dan Leverage Pada Agresivitas Pajak. E-Jurnal Akuntansi, 18(3), 2115–2142.

Anggraeni, R., & Febrianti, M. (2020). Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Tax Avoidance pada Perusahaan Manufaktur di Bursa Efek Indonesia . Jurnal Bisnis Dan Akuntansi , 2(1a–2), 185–192.

Astika, N. A., & Asalam, A. G. (2023). Pengaruh Corporate Governance dan Financial Distress Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Industri Barang Konsumsi yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2016-2020). EKOMBIS REVIEW: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 11(1), 95–106. https://doi.org/10.37676/ekombis.v11i1.2876

Astika, N., & Asalam, A. (2023). Pengaruh Corporate Governance dan Financial Distress Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Industri Barang Konsumsi yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2016-2020). EKOMBIS REVIEW: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 11(1), 95–106.

Astutik, D., & Venusita, L. (2020). The Influence of CEO’s Demographic Characteristics on Tax Aggressiveness in Family Firm. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 22(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.9744/jak.22.1.1-9

Boussaidi, A., & Hamed, M. S. (2015). The Impact of Governance Mechanisms on Tax Aggressiveness: Empirical Evidence from Tunisian Context. Journal of Asian Business Strategy, 5(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.1006/2015.5.1/1006.1.1.12

Boussaidi, A., & Hamed-Sidhom, M. (2021). Board’s Characteristics, Ownership’s Nature and Corporate Tax Aggressiveness: New Evidence from the Tunisian Context. EuroMed Journal of Business, 16(4), 487–511. https://doi.org/10.1108/EMJB-04-2020-0030

Chiu, J., Chen, C.-H., Cheng, C.-C., & Hung, S.-C. (2021). Knowledge Capital, CEO Power, and Firm Value: Evidence from the IT Industry. The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, 55, 101012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.najef.2019.101012

Cortellese, F. (2020). Gender Board Composition and Tax Aggressiveness in Public Listed Companies. Copenhagen Business School, CBS LAW Research Paper, 20–27.

Cortellese, F. (2022). Does The Gender Composition of The Board of Directors Have Any Effect on Tax Aggressiveness in Western Countries? Economics & Sociology, 15(1), 11–22. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2022/15-1/1

Dewi, N. H. U., & Asyifanaya, A. (2023). Ukuran Perusahaan Sebagai Pemoderasi Financial Perspective dan Tax Avoidance di Industri Rekreasi dan Pariwisata. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 25(2), 265–284. https://doi.org/10.34208/jba.v25i2.2185

Direktorat Jenderal Pajak. (2022). Laporan Tahunan DJP 2022. https://pajak.go.id/sites/default/files/2023-12/Laporan%20Tahunan%20DJP%202022%20-%20Bahasa.pdf

Dyreng, S. D., Hanlon, M., & Maydew, E. L. (2010). The Effects of Executives on Corporate Tax Avoidance. The Accounting Review, 85(4), 1163–1189. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2010.85.4.1163

Edwards, A. S., Schwab, C., & Shevlin, T. J. (2012). Financial Constraints and the Incentive for Tax Planning. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2163766

Elliot, C., & McWilliam, S. (2019). Adaro moves hundreds of millions of dollars into growing offshore network. Global Witness. https://www.globalwitness.org/en/press-releases/adaro-moves-hundreds-millions-dollars-growing-offshore-network/

Erle, B. (2008). Tax Risk Management and Board Responsibility. Heidelberg: Springer, 205–220.

Ernawati, I., & Suryarini, T. (2024). Pengaruh Pendidikan CEO, Kualitas Auditor Eksternal, Dan CSR Terhadap Tax Aggressiveness Dengan Ukuran Perusahaan Sebagai Variabel Kontrol. Nominal Barometer Riset Akuntansi Dan Manajemen, 13(1), 16–27. https://doi.org/10.21831/nominal.v13i1.62105

Firdaus, F. A., Nurlaela, S., & Masitoh, E. (2021). Institutional Ownership, Audit Quality, Gender Diversity and Political Connection to Tax Aggressiveness in Indonesia. JURNAL AKSI (Akuntansi Dan Sistem Informasi), 6(2), 91–100. https://doi.org/10.32486/aksi.v6i2.91

Frank, M. M., Lynch, L. J., & Rego, S. O. (2009). Tax Reporting Aggressiveness and Its Relation to Aggressive Financial Reporting. The Accounting Review, 84(2), 467–496. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2009.84.2.467

Garcia-Blandon, J., Argilés-Bosch, J. M., Ravenda, D., & Castillo-Merino, D. (2022). Board Gender Quotas, Female Directors and Corporate Tax Aggressiveness: A Causal Approach. International Review of Financial Analysis, 79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2021.102010

Gumiwang, R. (2023, March 27). Penggelapan Pajak di Sektor Tambang Ini Ditaksir Tembus Rp18 Triliun. DDTC News. https://news.ddtc.co.id/berita/internasional/46709/penggelapan-pajak-di-sektor-tambang-ini-ditaksir-tembus-rp18-triliun

Hambrick, D. C., & Mason, P. A. (1984). Upper Echelons: The Organization as a Reflection of Its Top Managers. Academy of Management Review, 9(2), 193–206. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1984.4277628

Handayani, H. R., & Mardiansyah, S. (2021). Pengaruh Manajemen Laba dan Financial Distress Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak pada Perusahaan Manufaktur di Indonesia. SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF REFLECTION : Economic, Accounting, Management and Business, 4(2), 311–320. https://doi.org/10.37481/sjr.v4i2.282

James, H. L. (2020). CEO Age and Tax Planning. Review of Financial Economics, 38(2), 275–299. https://doi.org/10.1002/rfe.1072

Jarboui, A., Kachouri Ben Saad, M., & Riguen, R. (2020). Tax Avoidance: Do Board Gender Diversity and Sustainability Performance Make a Difference? Journal of Financial Crime, 27(4), 1389–1408. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-09-2019-0122

Jbir, S., Neifar, S., & Makni Fourati, Y. (2021). CEO Compensation, CEO Attributes and Tax Aggressiveness: Evidence From French Firms Listed on The CAC 40. Journal of Financial Crime, 28(4), 1141–1160. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-10-2020-0202

Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of The Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X

Juliana, D., Arieftiara, D., & Nugraheni, R. (2020). Pengaruh Intensitas Modal, Pertumbuhan Penjualan, Dan CSR Terhadap Penghindaran Pajak. PROSIDING BIEMA. Business Management, Economic, and Accounting National Seminar, 1257–1271.

Juliawaty, R., & Astuti, C. D. (2019). Tata Kelola, Kompensasi CEO, Karakteristik CEO, Accounting Irregulateris dan Tax Aggressiveness. Jurnal Akuntansi Trisakti, 6(2), 285–300. https://doi.org/10.25105/jat.v6i2.5451

Kamul, I., & Riswandari, E. (2021). Pengaruh Gender Diversity Dewan, Ukuran Dewan Komisaris, Komisaris Independen, Komite Audit dan Konsentrasi Kepemilikan terhadap Agresivitas Pajak. Jurnal Akuntansi Berkelanjutan Indonesia, 4(2). http://openjournal.unpam.ac.id/index.php/JABI

Lihdya Sari, E., Irawan, F., Muhasan, I., Keuangan Negara STAN, P., & Selatan, T. (2022). Pengaruh Koneksi Politik, Dimensi CSR dan Board Diversity Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 10(2), 297–314. https://doi.org/10.17509/jrak.v10i2.37641

Musyafa’ah, M., Budiman, N. A., & Delima, Z. M. (2023). Tax Avoidance: Employment Benefits Liability, Sales Growth, Capital Intensity, Profit Management, And Inventory Intensity. JAS (Jurnal Akuntansi Syariah), 7(2), 200–218. https://doi.org/10.46367/jas.v7i2.1452

Nugroho, R. P., Sutrisno, S. T., & Mardiati, E. (2020). The effect of financial distress and earnings management on tax aggressiveness with corporate governance as the moderating variable. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478), 9(7), 167–176. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v9i7.965

Octaviani, R. R., & Sofie, S. (2019). Pengaruh Good Corporate Governance, Capital Intensity, Ratio, Leverage, dan Financial Distress Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak pada Perushaaan Tambang yang Terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2013-2017. Jurnal Akuntansi Trisakti, 5(2), 253–268. https://doi.org/10.25105/jat.v5i2.4848

Oktaviani, R. M., Rohman, A., & Zulaikha, Z. (2024). CEO Characteristics and Tax Aggressiveness in Indonesian Family Firms: The Upper Echelons Theory Perspective. Journal of Tax Reform, 10(1), 149–161. https://doi.org/10.15826/jtr.2024.10.1.162

Oktaviani, R. M., Wicaksono, K., Sunarto, S., & Srimindarti, C. (2022). The CEO Characteristics Factors Toward Tax Aggressiveness of Family Companies in Indonesia. Jurnal Akuntansi, 26(1), 61. https://doi.org/10.24912/ja.v26i1.817

Pradhana, A. Z., & Nugrahanto, A. (2021). Agresivitas Pelaporan Keuangan dan Penghindaran Pajak. Jurnal Pajak Indonesia (Indonesian Tax Review), 5(2), 90–101. https://doi.org/10.31092/jpi.v5i2.1376

Pratiwi, N., Dewi, R., & Wijayanti, A. (2022). The Influence of Corporate Governance, Gender Diversity, CSR on Tax Aggressiveness in Companies Listed on the IDX. Jurnal AKSI (Akuntansi Dan Sistem Informasi), 7(1). https://doi.org/10.32486/aksi.v7i1.224

Putra, K. S. H., Wahyuni, E. T., & Fitrijanti, T. (2022). Financial Distress, Size, Age, dan Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure: Bukti Empiris dari Indonesia Selama Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Dinamika Akuntansi Dan Bisnis, 9(1), 73–88. https://doi.org/10.24815/jdab.v9i1.24590

Putri Aisyah, Adib, N., & Nur Rahmanti, V. (2024). Does Transfer Pricing, Sales Growth and Capital Intensity Affect Tax Aggressiveness? Jurnal Reviu Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.22219/jrak.v14i2.34230

Putri, N., & Mulyani, S. D. (2020). Pengaruh Transfer Pricing dan Kepemilikan Asing Terhadap Praktik Penghindaran Pajak (Tax Avoidance) dengan Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsiblity (CSR) Sebagai VariabelModerasi . Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pakar, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.25105/pakar.v0i0.6826

Rachman, A. (2023, December 14). DJP Sikat Perusahaan Tambang Kaltim yang Tak Bayar PPN. CNBC Indonesia. https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20231214113626-4-497288/djp-sikat-perusahaan-tambang-kaltim-yang-tak-bayar-ppn

Rahmana, D. A. (2022). Apakah Financial Distress Memengaruhi Penghindaran Pajak? Studi Kasus pada Perusahaan di Indonesia. Scientax: Jurnal Kajian Ilmiah Perpajakan Indonesia, 4(1), 24–42.

Richardson, G., Taylor, G., & Lanis, R. (2013). The Impact of Board of Director Oversight Characteristics on Corporate Tax Aggressiveness: An Empirical Analysis. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 32(3), 68–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccpubpol.2013.02.004

Richardson, G., Taylor, G., & Lanis, R. (2015). The Impact of Financial Distress on Corporate Tax Avoidance Spanning the Global Financial Crisis: Evidence from Australia. Economic Modelling, 44, 44–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2014.09.015

Said, E. (2017). Tax Policy in Action: 2016 Tax Amnesty Experience of the Republic of Indonesia. Laws, 6(4), 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/laws6040016

Sandy, S., & Lukviarman, N. (2015). Pengaruh Corporate Governance Terhadap Tax Avoidance: Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur. Jurnal Akuntansi & Auditing Indonesia, 19(2), 85–98. https://doi.org/10.20885/jaai.vol19.iss2.art1

Saputri, S. A. F., & Radianto, W. E. D. (2023). Can Financial Distress and Good Corporate Governance Influence Tax Aggressiveness. Enrichment : Journal of Management, 13(2), 1069–1077. https://doi.org/10.35335/enrichment.v13i2.1369

Simamora, S. J. P., & Sari, D. P. (2021). Influence of Independent Director, Female Director, and Thin Capitalization on Tax Avoidance. Journal of Auditing, Finance, and Forensic Accounting, 9(2), 12–23. https://doi.org/10.21107/jaffa.v9i2.12034

Suwiknyo, E. (2021). Mayoritas Perusahaan Tambang Belum Transparan Soal Pajak. Ekonomi.Bisnis.Com. https://ekonomi.bisnis.com/read/20210802/259/1424816/mayoritas-perusahaan-tambang-belum-transparan-soal-pajak

Tax Justice Network. (2020). The State of Tax Justice 2020: Tax Justice in the time of COVID-19.

Toly, A. A., Sukintjo, F., & Kathrine, K. (2023). Pentingkah Profil CEO Dalam Agresivitas Pajak? Jurnal Akuntansi Multiparadigma, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jamal.2023.14.2.19

Wicaksono, K., & Oktaviani, R. M. (2021). Pengaruh Karakteristik CEO Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak dalam Perusahaan Keluarga . JURNAL AKUNTANSI, 1(1), 59–73. https://doi.org/10.37058/jak.v1i1.3019

Wijaya, S., & Syarifah, N. L. (2024). Effect Of Financial Distress On Tax Aggressiveness With Company Reputation As A Moderating Variable. Educoretax, 4(4), 440–453. https://doi.org/10.54957/educoretax.v4i4.795

Yakub, E. M. (2024, April 25). DJP Serahkan Tersangka Penggelapan Pajak Tambang ke Kejati Sultra. ANTARA. https://www.antaranews.com/video/3821151/kejari-kendari-ungkap-penggelapan-pajak-pertambangan-senilai-rp43-m

Zain, R. P., Harsa Sumarta, N., & Gandhi Amidjaya, P. (2023). Auditor Characteristics on Tax Avoidance by Non-Financial Companies: Evidence from the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Jurnal Akuntansi & Auditing Indonesia, 203–210. https://doi.org/10.20885/jaai.vol26.iss2.art9

Zirgulis, A., Huettinger, M., & Misiunas, D. (2022). No Woman, No Aggressive Tax Planning? A study on CEO Gender And Effective Tax Rates in The Lithuanian retail sector. Review of Behavioral Finance, 14(3), 394–409. https://doi.org/10.1108/RBF-09-2020-0232

Zunianto, A. P. W., Narsa, N. P. D. R. H., & Lukita, C. (2024). CEO Power and Tax Avoidance: An Empirical Study of Manufacturing Companies in Indonesia. The Indonesian Accounting Review, 14(1), 11–23. https://doi.org/10.14414/tiar.v14i1.3700

Diterbitkan

02-04-2025

Cara Mengutip

Yasniar, M., & Irawan, F. (2025). The influence of financial distress, board gender diversity, and CEO profile on tax aggressiveness. Educoretax, 5(3), 396–417. https://doi.org/10.54957/educoretax.v5i3.1453

Terbitan

Bagian

Articles

Artikel paling banyak dibaca berdasarkan penulis yang sama

1 2 > >>